Temporomandibular dysfunction

What Causes Temporomandibular Dysfunction?

The causes of this problem are not fully determined. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is made up of an articular disc of soft cartilage that cushions the space between the bones of the jaw; allowing it to perform normally the movements involved in basic functions such as chewing and speech. When the disc does not work properly or becomes out of phase, various manifestations of discomfort begin to appear, which is what is finally known as temporomandibular dysfunction.

Possible Symptoms

The pressure that is produced in the jaw when there is dysfunction, ends up causing inflammation of the muscles that support it. With this, several annoying symptoms usually appear that the patient can confuse with other pathologies before associating it with a problem in his masticatory system. Some of them are:

Tooth, jaw, or ear pain.
Noise
Tooth sensitivity.
Headache.
Neck Pain.
Stiffness and difficulty in moving the jaw.
Modification in the alignment of teeth.
Grinding of teeth (bruxism).
Alterations in dental occlusion.

Faced with this scenario, affected people commonly turn to other medical specialties in search of a solution: Neurologists, otolaryngologists and even a dentist considering that it is only caries; they are among those who frequently end up referring the patient. The causes that generate this problem are not totally determined; However, it is associated with genetic and hormonal alterations, arthritis, traumatic injuries to the jaw, muscle contracture, stress and immunological diseases as its main triggers.

Advanced Techniques in the Management of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

The management of temporomandibular dysfunction has evolved significantly in recent years, and some of the most advanced techniques include: occlusion therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, botulinum toxin application, and low-level laser therapy. All of these methods have been shown to be effective in relieving symptoms and restoring proper functioning of the temporomandibular joint.

Psychosocial Impact of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Temporomandibular dysfunction can have a great impact on patients' quality of life, affecting their psychological well-being, ability to socialize, and performance in daily activities; It is essential to address not only the physical symptoms, but also provide psychological and emotional support.

Many cases do not require treatment.

Possible Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Many cases do not require treatment and the discomfort gradually disappears; Even so, in those that merit a review by the specialist, it is possible that he or she performs a physical examination, accompanied by imaging tests that allow them to observe the bones, teeth and even the joint disc.

Temporomandibular arthroscopy is a more specific study that is performed in severe cases and consists of a minimally invasive procedure in which a small camera is inserted into the joint to more assertively observe and diagnose the problem. During this procedure it is also possible to remove the inflamed areas, make the anatomical restitution of the articular disc and generally improve the initial condition of the patient.

Self-Care and Pain Management at Home

Patients with temporomandibular dysfunction may benefit from measures such as:

The application of hot or cold compresses.
The practice of muscle relaxation exercises.
Restriction of hard or sticky foods.
Using stress management techniques to reduce tension in the jaw.

Nutrition and Jaw Health

Balanced and healthy nutrition is essential for general well-being and jaw health. The consumption of foods rich in calcium, vitamins D and C should be promoted, as well as reducing the consumption of hard, processed and sugary foods that can contribute to inflammation and joint pain.

Transmission

The treatment consists mainly of physical therapy accompanied by anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics and muscle relaxants to control the pain that is the main discomfort. The use of intraoral splints helps in neuromuscular pacification, which in many cases improves the symptoms and ultimately benefits the patient by providing relief. The use of intraoral devices is the first line of treatment and its effectiveness has been proven, yielding highly satisfactory results in the vast majority of cases.

Arthrocentesis (washing the joint to remove fibers or other adhesions) and temporomandibular arthroscopy are other alternatives. Finally, open surgery also offers an option for those patients with more severe cases. Damages due to trauma, cancer or congenital alterations in the TMJ can be solved in the hands of a maxillofacial surgeon with the placement of a prosthesis that allows them to regenerate the function of the joint.

Therapeutic Exercises for the Jaw

Smooth opening and closing movements

Start with your jaw in a relaxed position and then open your mouth slowly until you feel a slight stretch. Hold this position for a few seconds and then close your mouth in a smooth and controlled manner. Repeat this movement several times, keeping your attention on smoothness and lack of tension.

Lateral displacement of the mandible

Gently place the tip of your tongue on the upper palate and then move your jaw to the side, keeping your tongue in place. Return to the starting position and repeat the movement to the other side. This exercise helps improve jaw mobility and flexibility.

Gentle massages on the jaw muscles

Make gentle circular movements on the jaw muscles, applying gentle, constant pressure. This massage helps promote muscle relaxation and relieve accumulated tension.

Be sure to perform these exercises gently and without straining your jaw, paying attention to the physical sensations and avoiding any discomfort.

Innovations in the Diagnosis of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Innovations in the diagnosis of temporomandibular dysfunction include the use of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, 3D intraoral scanning technology, and computerized occlusion assessment to obtain an accurate and personalized diagnosis.

Prevention and Practical Tips

Prevention of temporomandibular dysfunction involves aspects such as: maintaining good jaw posture, stopping harmful habits (teeth grinding, nail biting, etc.); as well as routinely performing stretching and relaxation exercises to reduce tension in the jaw.

Guidance on Consultations and Treatments

If you are experiencing symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction, it is essential to seek professional care from an orthodontist who specializes in temporomandibular joint disorders. Dr. Trejos can help you prevent long-term complications through highly effective treatments. Schedule your appointment now!

Recommendations

Finally, among the recommendations that can be given to avoid complications due to this condition, it is important to attend a timely consultation when the first symptoms begin to appear (such as slight noise in the jaw) and thus avoid waiting that implies pain or other discomfort . Remember that to the extent that appropriate actions are taken, you will be acting for your own benefit and the application of long, expensive and complex treatments will not be necessary.

Patient Experiences and Testimonials

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 2022-08-08
 
 
  Excellent service and very good professionals
  
 
       
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 2022-07-25
 
 
  The best orthodontist in Panama
  
 
       
   Marianela Graf 
 2021-04-15
 
 
  Excellent Service from the staff, specialists, organization and hygiene of the Clinic....👏👏👏👏
  
 
       
   monica baiz 
 2021-04-15
 
 
  100% recommended, the attention and facilities are incredible. My children love their dentists' drinks. They are the best.
  
 
       
   Jose Delvalle 
 2021-02-24
 
 
  Excellent service from the staff, very professional and they make sure to apply biosecurity measures.
  
 
       
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 2021-02-18
 
 
  Excellent professional, with mystique and vocation, with the most advanced orthodontic treatments! My admiration and respect!
  
 
       
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 2021-02-18
 
 
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